Depending on your environment, you might try Object.create? This can be achieved with Object.assign, Spread operator for objects and concat, from, and slice array method for arrays. Android Webkit: Absolutely positioned elements dont respect z-index. Sun light takes 1,000/30,000/100,000/170,000/1,000,000 years bouncing around inside to then reach the Earth. 1. When you parse that string, entirely new objects are instantiated, as if you received a payload from some api. The cloneDeep method will iterate all levels of the original Object and recursively copying all properties found. When you make a copy, it will be a real copy. freeCodeCamp's open source curriculum has helped more than 40,000 people get jobs as developers. rev2022.11.22.43050. The concat () method preserves empty slots if any of the source arrays is sparse. I have tried the following to test if i get the expected behaviour of deep copy using this. When we make a deep copy of an object in JavaScript, it means a complete copy of the object this is also called deep cloning or a copy of an object. This was mostly used before the spread operator was around, and it basically does the same thing. A deep copy means that all of the values of the new variable are copied and disconnected from the original variable. If an object contains other objects or arrays, we need a deep copy. console.log (new Date () - start); Please note that these methods will clone the Array object itself, array contents however are copied by reference and are not deep cloned. 508), Why writing by hand is still the best way to retain information, The Windows Phone SE site has been archived, 2022 Community Moderator Election Results. Best way to show users that they have to select an option, TV show from the sixties or seventies, set in the 1800s, about another planet coming close to the Earth, Consequences of Kirti Joshi's new preprint about p-adic Teichmller theory on the validity of IUT and on the ABC conjecture. . Sort array of objects by string property value, Find object by id in an array of JavaScript objects. Today, well look at how to do this while avoiding the pitfalls! JSON.stringify() and JSON.parse() slice () method is a method of JavaScript array. const originalArray = [1,2,3,4,5] const clone = [].concat(originalArray) Concat is a very useful method to merge two iterable. Lets see how that works: To deal with objects and arrays that are referenced inside of your instance, you would have to apply your newly learned skills about deep copying! Browse other questions tagged, Where developers & technologists share private knowledge with coworkers, Reach developers & technologists worldwide, I'm not sure what you're trying to do but. . We accomplish this by creating thousands of videos, articles, and interactive coding lessons - all freely available to the public. version added: 1.1.4 jQuery.extend ( [deep ], target, object1 [, objectN ] ) deep Type: Boolean If true, the merge becomes recursive (aka. A deep copy means that all of the values of the new variable are copied and disconnected from the original variable. also you can add other objects to be copied too : Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow! When using array.slice() or array.slice(0) you will end up with a copy of the original array. What could a technologically lesser civilization sell to a more technologically advanced one? Copy an Object with JSON.stringify () and JSON.parse () Copy an Object with Object.assign () The Best Way To Deep Copy in JavaScript: The Spread Operator. How can i do a deep copy of a array into another, so that the original array is not modified if i make a change in copy array. I suggest changing your second for loop to a. Therefore, the slice and concat methods of Array are both Shallow copy. Copying an array of objects into another array in javascript using slice(0) and concat() doesnt work. A copy just looks like the old thing, but isnt. "Account cannot be created" when trying to transfer statemine token to sibling parachain. Can the Congressional Committee that requested Trump's tax return information release it publicly? But the original array is also getting modified after i make changes in the copied array. A nice way to clone an array of objects with ES6 is to use spread syntax: Easiest and the optimistic way of doing this in one single line is using Underscore/Lodash, When you have an array say x, [x] creates a new array with all the values of x. JavaScript to achieve a deep copy. string_n); Accepted Parameters or Arguments: string1, string2,string_n are string values that append to the desired existing string or empty string as per our requirement. Type: Object Additional objects containing properties to merge in. Now to create a deep copy of an object in JavaScript we use JSON.parse () and JSON.stringify () methods. also you can add other objects to be copied too : Read More How to use Protractor with Angular 2?Continue, Read More How to loop all the elements that match the regex?Continue, Read More Using Firebase emulator with AngularFireContinue, Read More Create svg arcs between two pointsContinue, Read More How to convert a string to an integer in JavaScript?Continue, Read More Run javascript function when user finishes typing instead of on key up?Continue, The answers/resolutions are collected from stackoverflow, are licensed under. There are two different types of copy that can be performed on an array. A shallow copy means that certain (sub-)values are still connected to the original variable. A nice way to clone an array of objects with ES6 is to use spread syntax: Easiest and the optimistic way of doing this in one single line is using Underscore/Lodash, When you have an array say x, [x] creates a new array with all the values of x. It copies the value of strings and numbers to the new array. Stack Overflow for Teams is moving to its own domain! But the original array is also getting modified after i make changes in the copied array. Run javascript function when user finishes typing instead of on key up? React allows you to see data changes without reloading. Syntax string .concat ( string1, string2, ., stringX) Parameters Return Value More Examples Join three strings: let text1 = "Hello"; let text2 = "world!"; let text3 = "Have a nice day!"; So no extra code is required to create another variable for value assignment. Now, if we make a copy b = a , and change some nested value in b, it actually changes as nested value as well, since a and b actually point to the same thing. To prevent that, also use JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(someArray)) . Add a comment. The way to deeply copy an array in JavaScript with JSON.parse: For this i use the new ECMAScript 6 Object.assign method : the first argument of this method is the array to be updated, Similar to objects, using the methods above to copy an array with another array or object inside will generate a shallow copy. Return Value: As mentioned Here .slice(0) will be effective in cloning the array with primitive type elements. Find centralized, trusted content and collaborate around the technologies you use most. Making statements based on opinion; back them up with references or personal experience. However in your example tags array contains anonymous objects. For example, Array.prototype.slice is only valid when the original array doesn't have a nested structured value inside. An article comparing the design implementation of Vuex and Pinia, 5 Beginner Interview Questions in Javascript, Automatic batch update of new features of React 18. The concat method of an array is actually a shallow copy, so when you connect an array with a reference type, . Clone an Array in JavaScript You don't need to iterate over the original array and push each item into another array. Instead, you would want to add a custom copy method to create a new instance with all of the old values. What were the most impactful non-fatal failures on STS missions? Learn to code for free. A new object is created that has an exact copy of the values in the original object. For more details check this question out What is the most efficient way to deep clone an object in JavaScript? When ever I update my array the copied array also updated. Deep Clone: Deep clone is a technique that is used to duplicate everything whenever we are cloning arrays, JavaScript in order to avoid data loss. Tested in chrome, and IE11 and it works in these two browsers. Social & Basic Authentication for Vue Applications Using Sendy Auth Plugin. The source object may contain (nested) Arrays and Objects, Numbers, Strings, Booleans and Dates.Functions are assigned by reference rather than copied.. Dispatches to a clone method if present.. assign. origAr == clonedArr //returns false. It creates a fresh copy of the array. In addition to this method, a shallow copy can be achieved, and there is a shallow copy using Slice and Concat. The concat() method is used to return shallow copies of merged arrays. This is often times problematic, since we expect the old variable to have the original values, not the changed ones. Calling .slice on the original array clones the array: const original = [1, 2, 3] const clone = original.slice() This method doesn't make any change in the original string. They only exist once. object. $.extend( [deep ], target, object1 ,[ objectN ] ) A. I put it in a deep copy because it looks like a deep copy. _.chunk(array, [size=1]) source npm package. The JavaScript string concat() method combines two or more strings and returns a new string. There is no built-in function in JavaScript for creating deep clones and it is not possible to create deep clone of every object. The concat () method is a copying method. slice. Shallow copies contain the same reference as the original array sliced. An overloaded assignment operator. Now, when you reassign a new value to b, the value of b changes, but not of a. Technically, arrays are also objects, so they behave in the same way. The objective of this tutorial is to show a simple approach to the merging problem, which might be adapted for each specific need. Keep in mind that it won't work if any of objects (tags) in the array is a circular structure, meaning that it references itself indirectly. Hence any changes to these objects in cloned array are reflected in tags array. What is "deep copy"? target Type: Object The object to extend. You simply stringify your object and parse it right after: Here, you have to consider that you will not be able to copy custom class instances, so you can only use it when you copy objects with native JavaScript values inside. It is surprisingly easy to use: Lodash's name comes from the library being referenced as an underscore (_), a "low dash" or lodash for short. When passing more properties after the spread , they overwrite the original values, for example const b = {a, foods: {a.foods}} . JavaScript Object Destructuring is the syntax for extracting values from an object property and assigning them to a variable. ( For example: passing a nested array) So if the referenced object is modified, the changes are visible in the returned new array. In the below example you can see user defined copy constructor i.e deep copy constructor. How do I include a JavaScript file in another JavaScript file? As mentioned Here .slice(0) will be effective in cloning the array with primitive type elements. [size=1] (number): The length of each chunk Returns (Array): Returns the new array of chunks. For more details check this question out What is the most efficient way to deep clone an object in JavaScript? For the copy of basic data types, there is no difference between deep and shallow copies. What is the most efficient way to deep clone an object in JavaScript? Photo by Annie Spratton Unsplash Deep copy with Ramda 2. When the migration is complete, you will access your Teams at stackoverflowteams.com, and they will no longer appear in the left sidebar on stackoverflow.com. Asking for help, clarification, or responding to other answers. Shallow Copy an Object By Assignment. This JavaScript syntax I havent seen till now, what does it do really? When you have a nested object (or array) and you copy it, nested objects inside that object will not be copied, since they are only pointers / references. To subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader. That case will end up with "TypeError: Converting circular structure to JSON" error. Example This method can return the selected element from the existing array: Usage: array Slice (start, end), which does not change the original array. JavaScript String concat() Method. Let us take an example to understand it better. Array method to realize shallow copy of array. In JavaScript, cloning can be categorised into two types: shallow and deep clone. It will receive the new properties. Array.from () concat. Linux - RAM Disk as part of a Mirrored Logical Volume. It might happen that you try to debug it for a while before you find the error, since a lot of developers do not really grasp the concept and do not expect that to be the error. So if you want to pass all the key value pairs of an object into a function you just need to pass function({obj}), Same issue happen to me. You can learn more about shallow copies here. Show an element by id using JavaScript JavaScript - Change the font size of button 5 Best JavaScript Courses for Beginners in 2021 Converting a comma separated string to an Array in JavaScript How to format a number to specific decimal places in JavaScript How to get query parameters from a URL in JavaScript Convert the string to number in . How to get the height of an iframe with javascript from inside the iframe? The process is decently speedy, and does exactly what you would want it to do, it does a deep copy of an array, by value Tested in chrome, and IE11 and it works in these two browsers. To make a deep copy of nested objects, you would have to consider that. No concat method. Shallow Copying vs Deep Copying. Deep copy is to make a complete copy of an object from memory, open up a new area from heap memory to store the new object, and modifying the new object will not affect the original object. Shallow Copy. @danghs reply above derefences these element objects and create new ones. 2. As with objects, you can use the spread operator to copy an array: These methods will return a new array with all (or some) values of the original one. Connect and share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search. Using shallow copy, we can copy a value that is non . Get started, freeCodeCamp is a donor-supported tax-exempt 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization (United States Federal Tax Identification Number: 82-0779546). So when we directly assign array to another variable it is shallowly copied. array (Array): The array to process. Common methods of copying an object or array only create shallow copies. Creates a deep copy of the source that can be used in place of the source object without retaining any references to it. There are at least 6 (!) It splits the objects into all of its key, value pairs. Short answer it is the opposite of shallow copy. spread operator (FASTEST) map A.map (function (e) {return e;}); There has been a huuuge BENCHMARKS thread, providing following information: for blink browsers slice () is the fastest method, concat () is a bit slower, and while loop is 2.4x slower. Shallow Clone. By clicking Post Your Answer, you agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy. What about pages with multiple iframes? There are 3 ways to concatenate strings in JavaScript. Naturally, depending on the necessities of each application, the code below might need to be adapted. A lot of the logic behind it is similar, since arrays are also just objects under the hood. Required fields are marked *. In the previous article, the basics of JavaScript-data types are very clear, so I won't say more here. There are two additional methods: arr.set (fromArr, [offset]) copies all elements from fromArr to the arr, starting at position offset (0 by default). In order to do that, you have to know how to safely copy values in JavaScript. These values are actually stored just once when instantiated, and assigning a variable just creates a pointer (reference) to that value. But for the most part it should work. @dangh's reply above derefences these element objects and create new ones. However, if the attributes are values of basic types, it is more convenient to use extension operators for shallow copy; concat copy array. Lets make a deep clone of an object whose properties contain primitive values dates, array, and objects. I have data from service and save to another variable. Deep copy means that variables don't share the same memory address, and we don't copy anything by reference. So in order to master it, we need to be clear with the foundation. 1. In JavaScript, we can perform a copy on objects using the following methods: These methods all have their pros and cons. How do you clone an array of objects in JavaScript? For example discuss below scenarios: Why can't I drive a 12'' screw into 6x6 landscape timber? I found a solution that angular.copy right code as below. What if you dont know how deep the nested structures are? The concat () method joins two or more strings. Donations to freeCodeCamp go toward our education initiatives, and help pay for servers, services, and staff. How to convert a string to an integer in JavaScript? Introduced with ES2015, this operator is just great, because it is so short and simple. You just need to use the '.' notation. Cloning arrays in JavaScript is as straightforward as slice or concat. If you want a more thorough understanding of why JavaScript has deep and shallow copies, you need to first understand the data types of JavaScript, which are generally divided into basic types (Number, String, Null, Undefined, Boolean, Symbol ) and reference types (objects, arrays, functions). There is a way to copy everything without thinking. You can try using JSON.parse and JSON.stringify. Primitive data types include the following: When you create these values, they are tightly coupled with the variable they are assigned to. Over a yeah and a half old, and still helpful ! old code is like below, So when ever I change $scope.MyData also change $scope.MyDataOriginal.I found a solution that angular.copy right code as below. 3. The example I will give here is in Angular. To really understand copying, you have to get into how JavaScript stores values. However in your example tags array contains anonymous objects. The library lodashis the most common way JavaScript developers make a deep copy. we pass an empty object because we want to have a completely new object. Be careful because this notation works slightly differently on objects. We made firstName enumerable false so console.log will not print firstName. Be careful because this notation works slightly differently on objects. I have tried the following to test if i get the expected behaviour of deep copy using this. They are a kind of structural data type, which can be seen as a collection of properties.These properties can either be values of other data types, including primitive types like Boolean, Number, undefined, etc., or even other objects.Therefore, with objects, we can build even more complex data structures. The syntax of concat() method is as follows . Did Qatar spend 229 billion USD on the 2022 FIFA World Cup? In javascript, we can copy the array to a new array by using either of these three methods - slice () method, Array.from (), and spread operator. Note that if the source object has multiple nodes that share a reference, the . Teaching the difference between "you" and "me". // THE FOLLOWING LINE COPIES all elements of 'tags' INTO 'copy' var copy = [.tags] When you have an array say x, [.x] creates a new array with all the values of x. Every method has one, or more than one, condition on making a totally distinct copied object. . In this way, we take an empty array and concatenate the original array into it. There is no way to deep copy an object by using JavaScript's native methods. Hence any changes to these objects in cloned array are reflected in tags array. In programming, we store values in variables. The concat() method is represented by the following syntax: Our mission: to help people learn to code for free. The code The concat () method was created specifically for this task - to concatenate strings. This method is another popular way to copy an array in Javascript. Difference between assignment and deep / shallow copy. You can make a tax-deductible donation here. There is no built-in function in JavaScript for creating deep clones and it is not possible to create deep clone of every object. Creates an array of elements split into groups the length of size.If array can't be split evenly, the final chunk will be the remaining elements. For example: We test this method of . How can i do a deep copy of a array into another, so that the original array is not modified if i make a change in copy array. Deep copy Deep copy is to copy the parent object to the child object, and the memory and future operations of the two will not affect each other! arr.subarray ( [begin, end]) creates a new view of the same type from begin to end (exclusive). Therefore, if you change the nested object, you will change it for both instances, meaning you would end up doing a shallow copy again. concat does not remove duplicates - but if you are interested in a data structure which does, you might want to read my guide on Javascript sets. Create the object in JavaScript: let testObject = { a: 1, b: 2, c: 3 }; Now, try to create a copy of this object to manipulate by assigning the testObject to a new variable called . You can use it as follows: You can also use it to merge two objects together, for example const c = {a, b} . When we access it, we sometimes get an error. This doesn't work because the result is an object, not an array. Here are the five JavaScript copy methods that we'll review: Shallow copy Deep copy Assigning Merging with the spread operator or Object.assign() function Structured cloning Shallow copy A shallow copy of an object will have the same references as the source object from which the copy was made. 3.0.0 Arguments. Example:// BAD EXAMPLE. Thats why nested references cause problems. A copy constructor to make a copy of the dynamically allocated memory. That means you do not really have to worry about copying primitive data types in JavaScript. Syntax. Lets see an example: By executing b = a , you make the copy. In JavaScript, objects are like a store or collection of key-value pairs. Function that depends on state of hidden scope. After leaving the startup, he taught coding as Lead Instructor at Ironhack and is now building a Startup Agency & Consultancy in Berlin. Let's take a closer look at each of them. Here it gets more interesting. @Aerious Well, this works because you're serializing the array/object into a string. JavaScriptconcat() Let's try to understand each of these categories. In this tutorial, you'll the different ways and the tradeoffs between them. How to loop all the elements that match the regex? How do I copy to the clipboard in JavaScript? 3. Consider the following object: 1 2 3 4 5 1) Shallow Copy. Initialize a new object and assign it to the variable testObject. Non-innumerable properties are those properties when iterated using. Introduction. You have to be careful though, as the first argument in the Object.assign() method actually gets modified and returned. Values are still connected to the original object & Consultancy in Berlin you create these values are connected! Json.Stringify ( someArray ) ) taught coding as Lead Instructor at Ironhack and is building. Absolutely positioned elements dont respect z-index if any of the source that can be into. Is sparse technologies you use most failures on STS missions n't work because the result is an object JavaScript... Copy a value that is non another popular way to deep clone allocated memory ) be. Case will end up with a reference type, for servers, services, and objects structured value inside,! Array/Object into a string to an integer in JavaScript javascript concat deep copy 1,000/30,000/100,000/170,000/1,000,000 years around. Interactive coding lessons - all freely available to the variable they are assigned to end ( exclusive ) we. Consider that ( array ): Returns the new variable are copied and disconnected from the original object,,. The original array & quot ; teaching the difference between deep and shallow javascript concat deep copy of merged arrays ``. Avoiding the pitfalls might need to use the & # x27 ; native. Typing instead of on key up array to process this does n't work because the result is object... Print firstName to understand each of these categories old values and javascript concat deep copy it to clipboard. The slice and concat ( ) method is represented by the following syntax: mission. Array ): Returns the new array an object in JavaScript reply derefences... Works in these two browsers on the necessities of each application,.! Stores javascript concat deep copy to freecodecamp go toward our education initiatives, and assigning them to a objects! Code the concat ( ) let & # x27 ; s take closer. No difference between `` you '' and `` me '' to JSON '' error Disk as part of a Logical. In Berlin is just great, because it is similar, since arrays are also just under... End ( exclusive ) variable it is the most efficient way to deep copy of old... Array also updated the changed ones token to sibling parachain categorised into two:... String, entirely new objects are instantiated, and slice array method for arrays we JSON.parse. Reply above derefences these element objects and create new ones the Earth x27 ; s to! The javascript concat deep copy structures are copying method can see user defined copy constructor i.e deep copy array... Does n't work because the result is an object in JavaScript, we a... Object and recursively copying all properties found someArray ) ) array ): the array process... Approach to the variable they are assigned to objects or arrays, we can copy value! Let & # x27 ; t have a nested structured value inside following javascript concat deep copy: 2... And the tradeoffs between them ] ) creates a pointer ( reference ) that. Shallowly copied cloning arrays in JavaScript creating deep clones and it basically does the same thing way! Answer, you have to know how to do this while avoiding the pitfalls assigning them to a more advanced! This by creating thousands of videos, articles, and interactive coding lessons - all freely available to the they! Same type from begin to end ( exclusive ), array, [ size=1 ] ) creates a new with! Ram Disk as part of a Mirrored Logical Volume type elements me.. A real copy you make a copy on objects using the following methods: these methods all have their and. Deep clones and it works in these two browsers making a totally distinct copied object 's open curriculum. As if you javascript concat deep copy a payload from some api object or array only create shallow copies: ca... Agree to our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy javascript concat deep copy. About copying primitive data types include the following: when you parse that string, entirely new objects are,... Preserves empty slots if any of the dynamically allocated memory for each specific need store collection! The JavaScript string concat ( ) or array.slice ( 0 ) will be a real copy number:. To another variable master it, we need to use the & # x27 ; try! A nested structured value inside now, what does it do really are reflected in tags array instead on... Array method for arrays are actually stored just once when instantiated, and help for. ( ) method joins two or more than one, condition on making a distinct. Rss feed, copy and paste this URL into your RSS reader multiple... New ones: Thanks for contributing an answer to Stack Overflow for Teams is to. Teaching the difference between deep and shallow copies these element objects and create ones... To our terms of service, privacy policy and cookie policy both shallow copy Spread operator was around and... With ES2015, javascript concat deep copy works because you 're serializing the array/object into a string following object 1! A payload from some api and concatenate the original array sliced no built-in function JavaScript....Slice ( 0 ) you will end up with a copy constructor to a! Specifically for this task - to concatenate strings in JavaScript, objects are instantiated, and slice array for. Means that all of the new variable are copied and disconnected from the original array regex! Typing instead of on key up cookie policy behind it is not possible to create clone... Everything without thinking slice or concat into 6x6 landscape timber view of the original array doesn #. Subscribe to this method is a copying method in these two browsers ) method was created for... Integer in JavaScript, cloning can be used in place of the new array as mentioned Here.slice 0... Order to do this while avoiding the pitfalls n't i drive a 12 screw... Because we want to have the original array is also getting modified after i make in. Up with `` TypeError: Converting circular structure to JSON '' error from service and save to variable... Or array only create shallow copies of merged arrays into another array in JavaScript method was specifically! Problematic, since arrays are also just objects under the hood can the Congressional that. Tried the following object: 1 2 3 4 5 1 ) shallow copy ( begin... Key, value pairs to subscribe to this RSS feed, copy and paste this URL into RSS... Method combines two or more strings and Returns a new object is created javascript concat deep copy has an exact of. S native methods from an object, not an array, array, and there is no built-in in! Exclusive ) and paste this URL into your RSS reader loop to a more technologically advanced?. 1 2 3 4 5 1 ) shallow copy, we sometimes get an error does n't work because result... Helped more than 40,000 people get jobs as developers slightly differently on objects to create deep clone an object JavaScript! Directly assign array to process to do that, also use JSON.parse ( ) method is a copy. For Vue Applications using Sendy Auth Plugin new variable are copied and disconnected from the original.. I include a JavaScript file in another JavaScript file match the regex once instantiated. On opinion ; back them up with a reference type, of them Find object by id in array. Look at each of these categories great, because it is the most efficient way to deep clone every... A simple approach to the original object ways and the tradeoffs between them a new instance with all the! In JavaScript for creating deep clones and it is similar, since arrays are also just objects the! The Earth objects into another array in JavaScript is as straightforward as slice or concat concat methods array. This while avoiding the pitfalls that has an exact copy of the old variable to have a nested structured inside. The foundation, but isnt 1,000/30,000/100,000/170,000/1,000,000 javascript concat deep copy bouncing around inside to then reach the Earth below might need use. Do you clone an array with primitive type elements to Stack Overflow for Teams is to..., not the changed ones other objects to be careful because this notation works slightly differently on objects objects. Content and collaborate around the technologies you use most asking for help clarification... Ways and the tradeoffs between them to freecodecamp go toward our education initiatives and... A new instance with all of the old thing, but isnt & # x27 ; t a. ( someArray ) ) the difference between `` you '' and `` ''., services, and there is no way to copy an object by using &... As developers the 2022 FIFA World Cup end ( exclusive ) convert string... The changed ones operator is just great, because it is similar, since we the... ) doesnt work because it is not possible to create a deep copy & quot ; copies contain the type! Everything without thinking to it modified and returned of its key, value.. Clones and it is shallowly copied too: Thanks for contributing an answer to Overflow. Multiple nodes that share a reference, the learn to code for free be! Custom copy method to create deep clone an object by using JavaScript #!, the slice and concat, from, and help javascript concat deep copy for servers, services, and.... To really understand copying, you would want to have a nested structured value inside it?... And share knowledge within a single location that is structured and easy to search values, an... That is non clipboard in JavaScript another popular way to deep clone of an of! Rss reader exclusive ) perform a copy constructor to make a deep copy using this to this RSS feed copy...

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